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Saturday, November 22, 2014
Monday, October 27, 2014
about kulgam by shah aijaz nillow
WELCOME TO DISTT. KULGAM shahaijaz@gmail.com
Kulgam is located at 33°38'24" N 75°01'12" E. It has an average elevation of 1739 metres (5705 feet). Now it has become a separate district of Jammu and Kashmir. Kulgam is known for a famous religious saint (Sayed Simnan Sahib), who gave it the name "Kulgam" ("Kul" means "clan" in Sanskrit; "gram" in Sanskrit means "village"), because he lost something in the stream. Syed Simnan came from a place called Simnan in Iran. Travelling in the Kashmir valley, he came to Kulgam and liked the spot on a cliff overlooking the river Veshaw. He made Kulgam his permanent abode and was buried at the very spot which he had found fascinating. His 'aastan' is a great draw from the population in and around Kulgam. The family of Syed Simnan is buried in a nearby village called Amun. Both the shrines have a masonry plinth and a wooden superstructure of high- quality deodars. He was known for his mystical powers and had devotees amongst Muslims as well as Hindus.
Shaikh Nur-ud-din (RA) also known as Nund Rishi, was a famous Kashmiri saint who belonged to the Rishi order and is also called Alamdar-e-Kashmir. Sheikh-ul-Alam as the patron saint of Kashmiris, highly revered by both Muslims and Hindus, was also born in a village called Kaimuh of the Kulgam distinct in 779 A.H. (AD 1377). The family of Shaikh Nur-ud-din (RA) is buried in Kaimuh. The Kulgam area is the birthplace of the ancestors of Allama Iqball (Supur village). Pandit Jawhar Lal Nehrus ancestors also are from Nadi Marag, a village in Kulgam. Ahrabal is the famous tourist spot in district Kulgam. It is a very high and scenic waterfall, which is a major source of the river Veshaw. Kulgam is known as the rice bowl of the valley and is known for its variety of fruit, especially apples.
This town is a picturesque place nestling on the bank of river Veshaw across the wide spread of which are the foothills of the great Pir Panchal mountains. Ahrabal is a scenic place to visit in Kulgam, it has meadows & a scenic waterfall. It has its origin from a spring called Kounser Naag located in the mountain range of peer panjaal.
The people of Kulgam have been traditionally tolerant and peace loving. Forced labor was a cruel practice from which this area suffered most in past.
Kulgam was in the news regarding the recent excavation of a new archaeological site in a nearby village called Kutbal which has yielded signs of having been home to a first-century civilization as some rare artifacts belonging to the period of Kushana kings appeared in Kulgam district. The plateau of Kutbal was once considered a scenic city in the Kushan period. The magnificent stamped tiles, which were excavated from the site, indicated the taste and living standard of the people of first century AD. These excavations speak much of high culture, civic sense, social norms and art of the people living in first century AD. The Kutbal site and its findings, which belong to the Kushana period, are more significant in view of several religious and artistic practices that had flourished then and had travelled to far off places in the subcontinent. Further excavation has been stopped due to prevailing political unrest in valley and is believed that further findings will reveal magnificent history of Kashmir.
The old Kulgam is situated on the banks of "Kaval'. The topography of Kulgam is . The lower portion is situated on the banks of Kaval, off-shoot of river Vashiv. Almost all offices are functioning in this area. A scenic nallaha Vashiv irrigates the fertile lands of Kulgam area. Kulgam is called the granery of Kashmir Vally, but unfortunately this area is almost converted into agriculture to horticulture. Kulgam is famous being the first seat of missionaries of Islam as before Hazrat Sayeed Ali Hamdani, he sent Sayeed Mohmmad Hussain SImnani to Kashmir to preach for Islam. Sayeed Simnani chose Kulgam as a permanent seat. It is the place where Salar Sanz father of Sheikh Noor-ud-Din wali embraced Islam and was renamed Salar ud-din, Salar resides at Khee Jogipora Mohmad pora 7 kilometres (4 mi) from Kulgam and was married to Sadder, a daughter of Kota rajas of Daderkot. It was due to the efforts of sayeed simnani this marriage took place. Kulgam is an important place in south Kashmir. Kulgam connects, and its boundaries touch, all the three districts Shopian, Pulwama, and Anantnag of south Kashmir. The topography of Kulgam is scenic, and it is surrounded on all sides by small streams 'orchards; paddy farms and a scenic Kerwaha with a big portion of plan area and fields.
Kulgam assembly segment was first time represented by Ab. Kabir Wani and after him Mohammad Youqoob Bhat [advocate]. After Bhat it was represented by Kh Ab. Raziq. Mir of Jamat-i-Islami and then by a very good gentleman and pious person late Mr Gh. NabI Dar 'both Dar and Mir became the victims of the present insurgency. At present Kulgam is represented by CPIM veteran Mohammad Yousef Targami. Two notable personalities of the sub-continent, Sheikh Noor-ud-din Walis (birthplace) and Dr. Sheikh Mohammad Iqbal's grandfather, were from the Kulgam area. Kulgam has produced some veterans; one among them was moulana Abdul Aziz sheikh, who contested elections against Abdul Aziz zargar aiming not to win or represent the Noorabad kulgam but to create awareness among the masses of the area to fight against the Indian congress stalwart Abdul Aziz zargar, who was nominated by Indian congressmen at the behest of district administration to rule the segment- Noorabad. Moulana Abdul Aziz sheikh was praised for his work in matters of religion and development by politicians Ab.kabir wani (MLA), Mufti Mohd Sayeed(PDP PATRON JK) and Wali Mohd Itoo(MLA).
Kulgam is also very famous for its production of Rice as well as Apples. It is also called as the "Rice Bowl Of Kashmir".
Political Status[edit]Kulgam District has 4 assembly constituencies:
- Noorabad
- Kulgam
- Hum Shali Bugh
- Devsar
Hum Shali Bugh J&K's 39th assembly segment has three municipal towns- Frisal, Yaripora and Qaimoh. Yaripora is an education and health block, while Qaimoh is agriculture as well as education and health blocks. Frisal has no administrative unit except a HSS School and PHC.
Road facility[edit]Kulgam has following roads connecting it to various assembly segments and with NH1A (Major District Roads)
- Anantnag-Ashmuji-Kulgam Main Road
- Wanpoh-Qaimoh-Kulgam Road
- NH1A Mirbazar to Kulgam via Akhran, Hablishi, Kilam & Pirpora
- Qaimoh-Kadder-Shopian Road
- Arwani-Frisal-Yaripora-kulgam Road
- Qazigund-Devsar-Pahloo-Kulgam Road
- Kulgam-Shopian Road
- Kulgam-Damhal- Aharabal Road
Health facilities and Education[edit]
- District Hospital at Kulgam
- Sub district hospitals at Yaripora and Damhall.
- 24x7 Emergency Hospital Qazigund [Medically some areas of Qazigund are under Kulgam]
- PHCs at Frisal, Qaimoh, Bugam, Pahloo, Devsar, Behibagh Mohammad Pora, Katrsoo, Kilam, Akhran, GB Khalil, khuribata-pora etc.
- Govt. degree college at Kulgam
- DH pora and Kilam (Devsar)Higher secondary school
Ashmuji, Kulgam
- Higher secondary schools at Kulgam, Damhal, Devsar, Qaimoh, Frisal, Munadguffan, Yaripora, Kilam, Wanpoh, khuribata-pora etc.
- F.B Institute (Private School) at Ashmuji
- A number of Private run High and higher secondary schools are working in all 4 segments of district.
- Noor Study Circle Hablishi ( Private High School)
- English Medium Public High School Malipora ( Private High School)
- Sunshine National School Kulgam (Private School)
- Hanfiya high school at Frisal and yaripora.
- Red Jewels Educational Garden Brazloo (Private School)
- Baba Reshi Hanfiya High School Chawalgam (Private School)
- Leeds Convent School Kulgam (Private School)
- Govt. High School Mirhama Kulgam
- Horizon Convent School Hum Shali Bugh Yaripora
- British Public School Kanjikulla Yaripora
- Sky Lark Public School Yaripora
- Govt. High School Behibagh
- Al Sarwat Convent School Khuribata-Pora
Important Institutes[edit]
- Industrial ITI, Beg Complex Hum Shali Bugh Yaripora
- Industrial ITI, KhuriBata-Pora Noorabad Kulgam
- Govt. Polytechnic College, Kulgam
THANK U BY SHAH A SHAH
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Monday, June 2, 2014
WHAT PIECES ARE FOUND IN A COMPUTER by shah aijaz nillow kulgam
1.1WHAT PIECES ARE FOUND IN A COMPUTER?
Jargon
Term Definition
Adapter Most of the time it refers to a card that plugs into the motherboard
adding special capabilities not originally found on the computer. Other
times it refers to tools to convert one connector type to another.
Cables A thick wire that connects the computer to the external device or power.
Cache An interface between the CPU and the memory (RAM and ROM). It
helps the CPU keep running even though the RAM may be too slow. It
does this by keeping a copy of what the processor has read/written.
Card Slot The slots found on the PC motherboard may be one of five types: ISA,
EISA, MCA, VESA & PCI.. Slower adapters (like I/O boards) can be
ISA. But for the best performance, use VESA or PCI for harddrives,
CD-ROMs or Video adapters.
Cards An option (adapter) which is a printed circuit board that plugs into the
motherboard.
CD-ROM A disk made of plastic and aluminum which can store up to 650MB of
data. Usually these disks cannot be written to, instead they often are
used to distribute software from companies.
CPU Central Processing Unit. The “brain” of the computer. It executes
commands which, eventually, we see as a response to our input.
Without the CPU, the computer is nothing.
Disk A storage medium to keep data while the computer is turned off.
DRAM RAM that uses a device called a “capacitor” to store each bit. The
problem with this is the capacitor loses the charge very quickly.
Therefore, the DRAM has to be “refreshed” to keep the data valid. This
is thus far the cheapest RAM.
DVD The next generation CD-ROM which will store 10-20x the current
capacity.
Floppy A disk that has flexible media (the actual material onto which the data is
recorded). The material and flexibility is a lot like that of a cassette tape.
Glidepoint A mouse-replacement that has a little pad that you can use to move the
mouse pointer. Simply glide your finger over the surface and the pointer
will move. To “click”, tap the pad. To “double-click” double-tap the
pad.
Harddisk A medium to store data for the computer while the power is out. It uses
a hard material (typically aluminum).
Keyboard A typewriter-like tool that has keys. Sends letters or commands to the
computer.
Microprocessor
A CPU that composes only one chip. Some CPUs may actually be
several square feet is size; but, the microprocessor is designed to be
100% self-contained in a single chip.
Modem A device that will let your computer talk to other computers through the
telephone line.
Jargon
Monitor The CRT or display that shows the words, graphics, etc., to the user. It
is a critical part of a user’s interface.
Motherboard A printed circuit board that has (at least) slots to connect cards into.
Often, they also include a CPU and memory.
Mouse An input device which has one to three buttons and when you move it, it
causes the arrow in a Windows display to move.
Open
Architecture
The original computer companies hid their secrets from competitors by
keeping their architecture closed (proprietary). IBM made the IBM PC
an open architecture, allowing anyone to make options for it.
Parallel A type of port which transmits and receives several bits of data at a time
(typically 8 bits). Typically used to connect to printers.
Ports Connectors (usually in the back of the computer) which connect to
external devices (e.g. mouse, keyboard, modem, printer, display, etc.)
Power supply A basic component in the computer that converts the outlet power into
power that the computer can use.
Printer An external device that takes commands and data from the computer to
place on paper. There are several types of printers: daisy-wheel, matrix,
laser, thermal, inkjet, and plotter.
RAM “Random Access Memory“. A pool of storage for the CPU. It can be
written to/read from in any order (unlike a VCR tape which is serial—
you have to wind to the place you want). There are several types of
RAM: SRAM, DRAM, EDO-RAM.
ROM “Read Only Memory“. Memory that has imprinted in it data and
programs for the CPU which cannot be erased or written to.
Scanner An external device that is able to optically read in printed material—kind
of like a copier, but it stores the image on the computer instead.
Serial A type of port that transmits only one bit at a time. In order to send a
byte of data, the data has to be “turned on its side” and send out bit by
bit.
SRAM RAM that does not “lose its mind” if not refreshed. This is typically
used in caches. It tends to be much more complicated than DRAM and
thus much more costly.
Surge
protector
A device that will isolate your computer from outlet power problems
(spikes and noise).
Trackball A mouse replacement that is a small box with a ball in the center. You
roll the ball in the direction you want the pointer to go.
Trackpoint A mouse replacement with a little rubber post between the “g” and “h”
keys on some laptop computers. Gently push the post in the direction
you want the mouse pointer to go.
UPS “Uninterruptable Power Supply”. This is a box that is like a surge
protector but will keep you going even if you lose power. You can plug
your computer into. If you have a brown- or black-out, this unit will
keep you running for 3 minutes to an hour (certainly enough time to save
your work and shutdown the computer).
Jargon
Term Definition
Adapter Most of the time it refers to a card that plugs into the motherboard
adding special capabilities not originally found on the computer. Other
times it refers to tools to convert one connector type to another.
Cables A thick wire that connects the computer to the external device or power.
Cache An interface between the CPU and the memory (RAM and ROM). It
helps the CPU keep running even though the RAM may be too slow. It
does this by keeping a copy of what the processor has read/written.
Card Slot The slots found on the PC motherboard may be one of five types: ISA,
EISA, MCA, VESA & PCI.. Slower adapters (like I/O boards) can be
ISA. But for the best performance, use VESA or PCI for harddrives,
CD-ROMs or Video adapters.
Cards An option (adapter) which is a printed circuit board that plugs into the
motherboard.
CD-ROM A disk made of plastic and aluminum which can store up to 650MB of
data. Usually these disks cannot be written to, instead they often are
used to distribute software from companies.
CPU Central Processing Unit. The “brain” of the computer. It executes
commands which, eventually, we see as a response to our input.
Without the CPU, the computer is nothing.
Disk A storage medium to keep data while the computer is turned off.
DRAM RAM that uses a device called a “capacitor” to store each bit. The
problem with this is the capacitor loses the charge very quickly.
Therefore, the DRAM has to be “refreshed” to keep the data valid. This
is thus far the cheapest RAM.
DVD The next generation CD-ROM which will store 10-20x the current
capacity.
Floppy A disk that has flexible media (the actual material onto which the data is
recorded). The material and flexibility is a lot like that of a cassette tape.
Glidepoint A mouse-replacement that has a little pad that you can use to move the
mouse pointer. Simply glide your finger over the surface and the pointer
will move. To “click”, tap the pad. To “double-click” double-tap the
pad.
Harddisk A medium to store data for the computer while the power is out. It uses
a hard material (typically aluminum).
Keyboard A typewriter-like tool that has keys. Sends letters or commands to the
computer.
Microprocessor
A CPU that composes only one chip. Some CPUs may actually be
several square feet is size; but, the microprocessor is designed to be
100% self-contained in a single chip.
Modem A device that will let your computer talk to other computers through the
telephone line.
Jargon
Monitor The CRT or display that shows the words, graphics, etc., to the user. It
is a critical part of a user’s interface.
Motherboard A printed circuit board that has (at least) slots to connect cards into.
Often, they also include a CPU and memory.
Mouse An input device which has one to three buttons and when you move it, it
causes the arrow in a Windows display to move.
Open
Architecture
The original computer companies hid their secrets from competitors by
keeping their architecture closed (proprietary). IBM made the IBM PC
an open architecture, allowing anyone to make options for it.
Parallel A type of port which transmits and receives several bits of data at a time
(typically 8 bits). Typically used to connect to printers.
Ports Connectors (usually in the back of the computer) which connect to
external devices (e.g. mouse, keyboard, modem, printer, display, etc.)
Power supply A basic component in the computer that converts the outlet power into
power that the computer can use.
Printer An external device that takes commands and data from the computer to
place on paper. There are several types of printers: daisy-wheel, matrix,
laser, thermal, inkjet, and plotter.
RAM “Random Access Memory“. A pool of storage for the CPU. It can be
written to/read from in any order (unlike a VCR tape which is serial—
you have to wind to the place you want). There are several types of
RAM: SRAM, DRAM, EDO-RAM.
ROM “Read Only Memory“. Memory that has imprinted in it data and
programs for the CPU which cannot be erased or written to.
Scanner An external device that is able to optically read in printed material—kind
of like a copier, but it stores the image on the computer instead.
Serial A type of port that transmits only one bit at a time. In order to send a
byte of data, the data has to be “turned on its side” and send out bit by
bit.
SRAM RAM that does not “lose its mind” if not refreshed. This is typically
used in caches. It tends to be much more complicated than DRAM and
thus much more costly.
Surge
protector
A device that will isolate your computer from outlet power problems
(spikes and noise).
Trackball A mouse replacement that is a small box with a ball in the center. You
roll the ball in the direction you want the pointer to go.
Trackpoint A mouse replacement with a little rubber post between the “g” and “h”
keys on some laptop computers. Gently push the post in the direction
you want the mouse pointer to go.
UPS “Uninterruptable Power Supply”. This is a box that is like a surge
protector but will keep you going even if you lose power. You can plug
your computer into. If you have a brown- or black-out, this unit will
keep you running for 3 minutes to an hour (certainly enough time to save
your work and shutdown the computer).
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